From Oil to Blood Gold: Inside Venezuela’s
Venezuela’s collapse in oil production has triggered a desperate mining pivot, fueling gold smuggling, environmental destruction, and criminal control of mineral wealth.
Venezuela
Africa • Nov 10, 2025
Rare Earth Mining Venezuela: Guerrilla Control and the
For months, Brigadier General Rafael Olaya Quintero, commander of the Orinoco naval force, has been chasing tin and coltan traffickers across the waterways at Colombia’s border…
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